Effect of Economic Complexity on Unemployment in Terms of Gender: Evidence from BEM Economies (2024)

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Effect of Economic Complexity on Unemployment in Terms of Gender: Evidence from BEM Economies References

Politická ekonomie 2023, 71(3):342-365|DOI:10.18267/j.polek.1392

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Effect of Economic Complexity on Unemployment in Terms of Gender: Evidence from BEM Economies

Semanur Soyyiğit Effect of Economic Complexity on Unemployment in Terms of Gender: Evidence from BEM Economies (1)ORCID...a, Seda Bayrakdar Effect of Economic Complexity on Unemployment in Terms of Gender: Evidence from BEM Economies (2)ORCID...b, Cüneyt Kiliç Effect of Economic Complexity on Unemployment in Terms of Gender: Evidence from BEM Economies (3)ORCID...c
aDepartment ofPublic Finance, Kırklareli University, Kırklareli, Türkiye
bDepartment ofEconomics, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Türkiye
cDepartment ofEconomics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Türkiye


Thepresent study aims toindicate whether structural transformation has provided enhancement for thedisadvantaged parts ofsociety interms ofgender orwhether ithas been implemented attheexpense ofsocial inequalities in10 BEM (Big Emerging Market) economies (Argentina, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Poland, South Africa, South Korea and Türkiye) inthe period 1998–2019. Thestudy also aims tounderstand thedynamics behind theconnection between structural transformation and unemployment by comparing theresults from each country. This paper also focuses ontheeffects ofeconomic complexity onthebreakdown ofunemployment rates including female, male, youth female and youth male unemployment divisions. Inthestudy, firstly, cross-sectional dependence is tested for all variables; secondly, theCADF test asasecond-generation unit root test is applied; thirdly, theparameter constancy test is applied toeach model, and then themodels are estimated using thepanel regression method with random coefficients. Thestudy reveals ageographical distinction between theten economies. Economic complexity significantly affects all types ofunemployment inPoland, but itdoes not affect unemployment inAsian and African countries. Theother result ofthestudy is that even inPoland, thedecreasing effect ofECI (Economic Complexity Index) onunemployment is different for women and men.

Keywords: Economic complexity, unemployment rate, export sophistication, structural transformation, panel data analysis, gender equality
JEL classification: E24, F16, L16

Received: July 12, 2022; Revised: February 8, 2023; Accepted: February 9, 2023; Prepublished online: May 12, 2023; Published: June 26, 2023 Show citation

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Soyyiğit, S., Bayrakdar, S., & Kiliç, C. (2023). Effect of Economic Complexity on Unemployment in Terms of Gender: Evidence from BEM Economies. Politická ekonomie,71(3),342-365. doi:10.18267/j.polek.1392

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